\(=\dfrac{b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}-\dfrac{a-c}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(+\dfrac{a-b}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=0\)

Ta có :

\(\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{b\left(b-c\right)-a\left(a-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{b^2-bc-a^2+ac}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(b^2-a^2\right)-\left(bc-ac\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a\right)-c\left(b-a\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(b-a\right)\left(b+a-c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(-a-b+c\right)}{ab\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-a-b+c}{ab\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

Như vậy :

\(\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-a-b+c}{ab\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-a-b+c}{ab\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{c\left(-a-b+c\right)+ab}{abc\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-ac-bc+c^2+ab}{abc\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(-ac+ab\right)-\left(bc-c^2\right)}{abc\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)-c\left(b-c\right)}{abc\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{abc\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)

\(\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{b\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{a\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{1}{b\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{c\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{bc\left(b-c\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}-\dfrac{ac\left(a-c\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}+\dfrac{ab}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{b^2c-bc^2-a^{ 2}c+ac^2+a^2b-ab^2}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left[\left(b-c\right)+\left(a-b\right)\right]+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(b^2-c^2\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)-\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(b+c\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b-b-c\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{abc\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{1}{abc}\)

1.

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)

Ta có:

\(\left(ab-1\right)^2=a^2b^2-2ab+1=a^2b^2-a^2-b^2+1+a^2+b^2-2ab\)

\(=\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)+\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\)

Tương tự: \(\left(bc-1\right)^2\ge\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\)

\(\left(ca-1\right)^2\ge\left(c^2-1\right)\left(a^2-1\right)\)

Do \(a;b;c\ge1\)  nên 2 vế của các BĐT trên đều không âm, nhân vế với vế:

\(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\right]^2\ge\left[\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\right]^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(bc-1\right)\left(ca-1\right)\ge\left(a^2-1\right)\left(b^2-1\right)\left(c^2-1\right)\) (đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

Câu 2 em kiểm tra lại đề có chính xác chưa

2.

Câu 2 đề thế này cũng làm được nhưng khá xấu, mình nghĩ là không thể chứng minh bằng Cauchy-Schwaz được, phải chứng minh bằng SOS

Không mất tính tổng quát, giả sử \(c=max\left\{a;b;c\right\}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)\ge0\) (1)

BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(\dfrac{1}{a}-\dfrac{a+b}{bc+a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b}-\dfrac{b+c}{ac+b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c}-\dfrac{c+a}{ab+c^2}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{b\left(c-a\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)+a\left(c-b\right)}{a^3+abc}+\dfrac{c\left(a-b\right)}{b^3+abc}+\dfrac{a\left(b-c\right)}{c^3+abc}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow c\left(b-a\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{b^3+abc}\right)+a\left(c-b\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{a^3+abc}-\dfrac{1}{c^3+abc}\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)\left(b^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c^3-a^3\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{c\left(b-a\right)^2\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(b^3+abc\right)}+\dfrac{a\left(c-b\right)\left(c-a\right)\left(a^2+ac+c^2\right)}{\left(a^3+abc\right)\left(c^3+abc\right)}\ge0\)

Đúng theo (1)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)

a) \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}+\dfrac{1}{\left(c-a\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{c-a+a-b+b-c}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(c-a\right)}=0\)

b) \(\dfrac{\left(a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+c^2-2ac-b^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b-c\right)}{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\left(a-c\right)^2-b^2\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}{\left(a-c-b\right)\left(a-c+b\right)}=1\)

c) \(\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^3-x^2}+\dfrac{3}{x^3-2x^2+x}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-1}{x^3}-\dfrac{x+1}{x^2\left(x-1\right)}+\dfrac{3}{x\left(x-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-1\right)^3-x\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{x^3-3x^2+3x-1-x^3+x+3x^2}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{4x-1}{x^3\left(x-1\right)^2}\)

d) \(\left(\dfrac{x^2-y^2}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}-\dfrac{y^2}{x}\right)\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}.\dfrac{x^3-y^3}{xy}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{xy}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\right):\dfrac{x-y}{x}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+2xy+y^2-x^2-xy-y^2\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}.\dfrac{x}{x-y}\)

\(=\dfrac{x}{x+y}\)